[106] Human Rights Watch interview with Isaac Javier Quilla, Arequipa, February 4, 2023. Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC), adopted November 20, 1989, G.A. Poblacin Indgena y Afroperuana, INEI, December 2018, pp. 56, 67, https://www.inei.gob.pe/media/MenuRecursivo/publicaciones_digitales/Est/Lib1642/ (accessed April 6, 2023). [53] International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR), adopted December 16, 1966, G.A. Documentary series going behind the scenes at Jorge Chavez International Airport in Lima, which is Peru's largest travel hub. Pobreza afect al 25.9% de la poblacin del pas en el ao 2021," INEI, May 5, 2021, https://m.inei.gob.pe/media/MenuRecursivo/noticias/nota-de-prensa-no-072-2022-inei.pdf (accessed March 20, 2023); Censos 2017 Peru: Perfil Sociodemografico, INEI, August 2018, https://www.inei.gob.pe/media/MenuRecursivo/publicaciones_digitales/Est/Lib1539/libro.pdf (accessed March 20, 2023). On March 31, the attorney general also said in a news release that she had requested additional funds from the Ministry of Economy to open human rights prosecutors offices in all 34 prosecutorial districts in Peru. [70] Human Rights Watch interview with Guillermina Mendoza Vargas, Lima, February 6, 2023. (No. [259], The 193 people detained in San Marcos University were taken to three police facilities without adequate space to hold them, resulting in overcrowding, the Ombudspersons Office said. 8.3. https://busquedas.elperuano.pe/normaslegales/reglamento-del-decreto-legislativo-n-1095-decreto-legisla-decreto-supremo-n-003-2020-de-1864943-1/ (accessed April 10, 2023), art. A/6316 (1966), 999 U.N.T.S. [328] Human Rights Watch phone interview with Paula Muoz, March 3, 2023. [263] Human Rights Watch interview with Percy Castillo, director of human rights at Ombuspersons Office, Lima, February 8, 2023. [122] Human Rights Watch interview with Jos Zapata, Ayacucho police chief, Ayacucho, January 31, 2023. While all available evidence indicates police killed 18 protesters in Juliaca on January 9, 2023, President Boluarte said the majority of the those who died were killed by homemade weapons. X-Ray scans show unusual shapes in a woman's platform shoes - and something shocking inside her body. [172] Twitter video by 3Yedidyah, December 15, 2022, https://twitter.com/3Yedidyah/status/1603495620798472217; Tiktok video by Gina Huaman, December 15, 2022, https://www.tiktok.com/@ginahuaman/video/7177514249583971590. [38] In 2021, 39.7 percent Peruvians in rural areas lived in poverty, compared to 22 percent in urban areas. Autopsy conducted by Feliz Uscamayta Chipana, January 10, 2023, on file at Human Rights Watch. Strongly urge the Boluarte administration and Peruvian Congress to take concrete steps to regain public trust including by addressing corruption and deep inequalities in the realization of economic, social, and cultural rights, ensuring accountability for abuses related to the protests, and protecting the independence of democratic institutions. Res. Human Rights Watch phone interview with victims relative, February 15, 2023. But the US did not publicly comment on the security forces use of force until January 19, 2023, ten days after the Juliaca killings, when the US ambassador in Lima issued a tweet urging security forces to respect human rights and the right to protest. [227]Law No. 26. [230] Human Rights Watch interview with Percy Castillo, director of human rights at Ombuspersons Office, Lima, February 8, 2023. Stopping stigmatization of protesters through language falsely linking them to terrorism or otherwise denigrating them. Yet, to this day, nobody has been held accountable for the 2020 abuses.[283]. [116] Crisis poltica y protesta social: Balance defensorial tras tres meses de iniciado el conflicto, Ombudspersons Office report number 190, March 2023. A Russian carrier fears for his life and must be secretly moved to headquarters. A young woman breaks down into tears when she is detained for what is apparently illegal trafficking, while a young man who was formerly imprisoned for drug trafficking in the United Arab Emirates raises the agents' suspicions, who decide to interrogate him.At the loading docks, a typical Peruvian handicraft turns out to be Security teams at Lima, Peru's airport work 24-7 to stop illegal activity. [275] Clnica Anglo Americana. [286] An investigation of lower-level police officers for their responsibility for abuses remained ongoing in February 2023.[287]. Informe Final del Panel Independiente para la eleccin de magistrados y magistradas al Tribunal Constitucional del Per, June 30, 2022, section 2.1c. The killings occurred over a time period of more than four hours in different locations. [142] Human Rights Watch interviews with Gen. Vctor Zanabria, chief of the Lima police region, Lima, February 6, 2023. On this episode, agents of the Antinarcotics Division of Jorge Chavez International Airport, in Lima, Peru, deal with a case of unique characteristics. [313] Associations of victims in those two cities complained that they had not been consulted about the creation of the group and that moving the cases to Lima would make it harder for them to monitor progress and participate in the investigation. PMID: 26385719; Baraybar JP, Gasior M. Forensic anthropology and the most probable cause of death in cases of violations against international humanitarian law: an example from Bosnia and Herzegovina. [350] The head of the National Elections Tribunal has publicly warned about the enormous risk that has as its objective the subjugation of the [tribunals] independence with the goal of obtaining political results at any cost.[351]. Jorge Chvez International Airport is located in Callao, about 12km (7.5 miles) west of Lima's city center and roughly 17km (10.5 miles) north of Miraflores. Ordering that security forces protect the right to peaceful protest. A woman with cocaine in her suitcase comes clean and a police sting nets another suspect. [267] International standards also require that violations be effectively investigated, when appropriate prosecuted, and that victims have access to a remedy. [257] Human Rights Watch remote interview with Cruz Silva, February 7, 2023. 16) at 49, U.N. Doc. 06/2023-MP-FN-GG-OPERIT-ABF-ELC, January 19, 2023. Female Security Officers - F/T and P/T. It needs to be a bilaterally respectful relationship but, given the above circumstances, this does not always occur. [110] Human Rights Watch interviews with Rosa Emperatriz, director of the Ombudspersons Office in Cusco, Cusco, February 2, 2023; and with Griselda Venero, chief prosecutor in Cusco, Cusco, February 3, 2023. Officers detain two Colombians headed to Mexico. para. Police discover cocaine sewn into panels of an insulated jacket and that could be just the beginning. Police took them to a nearby police station, where the lawyer saw them at 10:30 p.m. Police had not registered them as detainees in their database by the time that an organized crime prosecutor arrived. [93] Human Rights Watch interview with general Ral Alfaro, then-commander of Perus police, Lima, February 7, 2023. Photo taken in Ayacucho, February 1, 2023. [243] That same morning, hundreds of officers[244] used an armored vehicle to smash down a gate, fired tear gas, entered university dorms, forced dozens to lie face down on the ground for hours, and detained 193 peopleincluding a pregnant woman and her 7-year-old child. See PER - INEI, Per: Resultados Definitivos de los Censos Nacionales, p. 51, October 2018, https://www.inei.gob.pe/media/MenuRecursivo/publicaciones_digitales/Est/Lib1544/00TOMO_01.pdf (accessed April 5, 2023). Agents find liquid cocaine disguised in drink bottles in another man's bag. He asked not to be identified for fear of reprisals. Both that incident and these latest arrests underscore the extraordinary extent of corruption in Peru, with 48 percent of respondents to a2014 public survey (pdf) labeling it one of the country's three biggest problems. Allocate funds to police so that they can provide food, water, menstruation supplies, and medicine to people held in police stations. Ballistics reports on file at Human Rights Watch. Human Rights Watch remote interview with Nancy Crispn Enriquez, March 14, 2023; Tweet by Policia Nacional del Peru, January 21, 2023, https://twitter.com/PoliciaPeru/status/1617003896920068096?s=20 (accessed March 20, 2023). Congress and the Executive Branch have for years been embroiled in scandals over corruption and petty or special interests driving policy. TC Public sentencia que declara infundada demanda de inconstitucionalidad sobre el caso Sunedu,, Milagros Berros, Tribunal constitucional oficializa sentencia y cede ante el congreso para cambios en Sunedu,. 51) at 197, U.N. Doc. Renzo Gmez Vega, Per retira definitivamente a su embajador en Colombia tras acusar a Petro de injerencias, El Pas, March 29, 2023, https://elpais.com/america-colombia/2023-03-30/peru-retira-definitivamente-a-su-embajador-en-colombia-tras-acusar-a-petro-de-injerencias.html (accessed April 3, 2023). Our work is costly and high risk. Evidence that the police and the military were engaging in excessive use of force emerged publicly as early as mid-December 2022. In November 2021, a report by the Office of Integrity of the Ministry of Interior, which cited internal police documents and evidence collected by Human Rights Watch, among other sources, identified serious wrongdoing by police in response to the 2020 protests. [321], In total, 22 demonstrators and bystanders were killed in December 2022. The biggest problem: cocaine smuggling. The report was reviewed and edited by Tamara Taraciuk Broner, acting Americas director; Margaret Knox, Americas senior editor/researcher; Sam Dubberley, managing director of the Digital Investigations Lab; Letta Tayler, associate crisis and conflict director; Kyle Knight, senior health researcher; Cristina Quijano Carrasco, researcher at the Womens Rights Division; Margaret Wurth, senior researcher at the Children Rights Division; Sarah Saadoun, senior researcher at the Economic Justice and Rights Division; Brian Root, senior quantitative analyst at the Technology and Human Rights Division; Mark Hiznay, associate director at the Arms Division; Farida Deif, Canada director; Philippe Dam, European Union director; Kate Weine, Washington advocacy coordinator ; Maria McFarland Snchez-Moreno, acting deputy program director; and Michael Garcia Bochenek, senior counsel. 283, https://img.lpderecho.pe/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/Proyecto-de-ley-04271-2023-LPDerecho.pdf (accessed April 17, 2023); Las claves del Proyecto de ley que busca endurecer las penas por delitos en estado de emergencia, Gestin, February 23, 2023, https://gestion.pe/peru/politica/gobierno-las-claves-del-proyecto-de-ley-que-busca-endurecer-las-penas-por-delitos-en-estado-de-emergencia-noticia/ (accessed March 8, 2023). 171, entered into force March 23, 1976, art. [234] Protocolo de actuacin interinstitucional especfico de control de identidad, LP Derecho, September 9, 2018, https://static.legis.pe/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/Protocolo-2-Control-de-identidad-Legis.pe_.pdf (accessed April 2, 2023); Human Rights Watch interview with Percy Castillo, director of human rights at Ombudspersons Office, Lima, January 30, 2023. [196] Autopsies signed by Wilber Huamn Mendoza, December 13, 2023, on file at Human Rights Watch. [27]Ley de reforma constitucional que prohbe la reeleccin inmediata de parlamentarios de la Repblica, El Peruano, January 9, 2019, https://busquedas.elperuano.pe/normaslegales/ley-de-reforma-constitucional-que-prohibe-la-reeleccion-inme-ley-n-30906-1730158-3/ (accessed April 4, 2023). [256] Cruz Silva, 42, lawyer at the Institute of Legal Defense, a legal aid group, said that police pushed and harassed a journalist who was recording a detention at a gate. Find out more about careers available at LCY by visiting https://www.londoncityairport.com/corporate/careers Thanks for watching! Resume forensic analysis from the national forensics office and designate forensic experts to specialize in human rights cases. In Cusco, in December 2022, two patients died after an ambulance was unable to continue to a hospital because of roadblocks and had to turn around. Crisis poltica y protesta social: Balance defensorial tras tres meses de iniciado el conflicto, Ombudspersons Office report number 190, March 2023. [278] Alertas, Per: grupo extremista La Resistencia agrede e insulta a periodistas, IPYS, February 27, 2023 https://ipys.org/libertad-de-expresion/alertas/peru-grupo-extremista-la-resistencia-agrede-e-insulta-a-periodistas (accessed March 13, 2023); Carlos Or Arroyo, "Asociacin Nacional de Periodistas se pronuncia ante agresiones por parte de grupos extremistas, Infobae, February 28, 2023, https://www.infobae.com/peru/2023/02/28/asociacion-nacional-de-periodistas-se-pronuncia-ante-agresiones-por-parte-de-grupos-extremistas/ (accessed March 13, 2023). Marcos Quispe Quispe, Beckham Romario Quispe Garfias, and John Erik Enciso Arias. [263] The law allows police to hold suspects for up to 48 hours before a prosecutor decides whether the suspect should be released or brought before a judge. Granted by Transport Canada after submitting fingerprints and unbroken 5-year history of residence, education, and work history. Informe Pericial de Necropsia Mdico Legal Nmero 019-2023, Public Ministry, no date. [325] Miguel ngel Candia, Dina Boluarte se ausent de la conferencia del Ejecutivo a pesar de 45 fallecidos en protestas,La Republica, January 10, 2023, https://larepublica.pe/politica/actualidad/2023/01/10/dina-boluarte-se-ausento-de-la-conferencia-del-ejecutivo-a-pesar-de-45-fallecidos-en-protestas-alberto-otarola-juliaca-puno-pcm (accessed April 17, 2023). Human Rights Watch phone interview with Paul Franklin Mamani's father, Mateo Mamani Tito, February 17, 2023. [251], Prosecutors opened preliminary investigations for the crime of usurpacin (usurpation or seizure) against 192 people detained. [363] Peru withdrew its ambassadors from Honduras in January, from Mexico in February and from Colombia in March, after those governments refused to recognize that Boluarte assumed the presidency in accordance with Perus constitution.[364]. [42] Poblacin indgena originaria de los Andes, INEI, 2017, https://www.inei.gob.pe/media/MenuRecursivo/publicaciones_digitales/Est/Lib1642/cap03_01.pdf (accessed March 20, 2023). [356] The US avoided referring to possible abuses and excessive use of force by security forces for months. Gobierno de Chile expresa su alarma por la situaci, n de derechos humanos y crisis institucional en Per, https://www.minrel.gob.cl/noticias-anteriores/gobierno-de-chile-expresa-su-alarma-por-la-situacion-de-derechos-humanos. [320] Commanders deployed soldiers to engage protesters on their own, not in support of police, with no less-lethal weapons or shields, just their Galil assault rifles. [85] Decrees 139, 141, 142, 143, 144, 146, and 147 from December 2022; decrees 2, 9, and 13 from January 2023; and decrees 18 and 23 from February 2023. [276] Human Rights Watch remote interview with Valia Aguirre, February 7, 2023. (No. [69] Julie Turkewitz, Perus Foreign Minister Concedes Theres No Evidence Criminals Are Behind Protests, The New York Times, February 2, 2023, https://www.nytimes.com/2023/02/02/world/americas/peru-protests.html (accessed March 8, 2023). Administrative Disciplinary Report Number 001-2021-OGII-OAI, June 1, 2021. [283] Human Rights Watch interview with Luis Enrique Valdivia, then coordinator of human rights prosecutors offices, Lima, February 8, 2023. A shipment of children's toys may hide a stash of cocaine. They've travelled from the Amazon - and they may be carrying. [161] Autopsy conducted by David Chuquipoma, January 10, 2023, on file at Human Rights Watch. [305] Bodies were exhumed on March 9 and 10, 2023. Call on Congress to respect the separation of powers, protect democratic institutions, including the electoral system, and ensure that the selection process for the next ombudsperson is transparent, grounded in candidates qualifications, and ensures the offices continued independence. 2200A (XXI), 21 U.N. GAOR Supp. Provide reparations and ensure adequate health care for civilians and police officers who have been injured, including psychological support for them and for families of victims. [201] Human Rights Watch interviews with general Vctor Zanabria, chief of the Lima police region, Lima, February 6, 2023. Human Rights Watch phone interview with Edgars uncle, Pedro Luque, February 15, 2023. 2015 Sep;55(5):355-62. doi: 10.1016/j.scijus.2015.03.003. [337] The congressional committee leading the selection process had presented the full Congress with six candidates for six vacancies, preventing the full legislature from making a genuine selection. In its final report on the process, the international panel of experts described multiple irregularities and weaknesses in the process, including the lack of transparency that others had flagged, inadequate interviews with candidates, as well as wide discrepancies in the criteria being applied to evaluate candidatesnoting that a process with such wide discretion ceases being based in meritocracy, but rather allows for questioning of the impartiality of the evaluators.[339] The weaknesses in the process left many observers in Peru concerned about the tribunals independence. [88] Human Rights Watch interview with Wilmer Aranzamendi, acting Arequipa ombudsperson, Arequipa, February 4, 2023. Police must decide whether to tear the bag apart or let her go. new. [189] Human Rights Watch interview with Luis Enrique Valdivia, then coordinator of human rights prosecutors offices, Lima, February 8, 2023. Submit bills to Congress to repeal laws that protect abusive policing, including the 2020 Police Protection Act and a 2014 law that grants legal immunity to police who kill or injure people in fulfillment of their duty.. 51. Four videos circulated on social media and verified by Human Rights Watch show protesters carrying Quispe to the west of the Andahuaylas tarmac and loading him into an ambulance. [300] Octavo Despacho Fiscal, Primera Fiscala Provincial Penal Corporativa de Arequipa, Carpeta Fiscal No. Appoint more human rights prosecutors outside of Lima, particularly in the south of Peru, and provide them with the necessary resources to conduct adequate investigations. [256] Human Rights Watch remote interview with Esteban Godofredo, February 2, 2023. [277] El Consejo de la Prensa Peruana rechaza recientes ataques de simpatizantes de Fuerza Popular, Consejo de la Prensa Peruana, July 15, 2021, http://consejoprensaperuana.org.pe/comunicado/el-consejo-de-la-prensa-peruana-rechaza-recientes-ataques-de-simpatizantes-de-fuerza-popular/ (accessed March 13, 2023); Periodistas en Per sufrieron 206 ataques durante el 2021, DW, January 1, 2022, https://www.dw.com/es/periodistas-en-per%C3%BA-sufrieron-206-ataques-durante-el-2021/a-60310317 (accessed March 13, 2023). You need to install or update your flash player. [238] Human Rights Watch interviews with general Vctor Zanabria, chief of the Lima police region, Lima, February 6, 2023. [80] Ministro de Justicia justifica proyecto que buscara endurecer penas por delitos que afectan la vida y bienes, RPP, February 23, 2023, https://rpp.pe/politica/gobierno/ministro-de-justicia-justifica-proyecto-que-buscaria-endurecer-penas-por-delitos-que-afectan-la-vida-y-bienes-noticia-1468420 (accessed March 8, 2023). Interior Ministry, Bases para el fortalecimiento y la modernizacin de la polica nacional del Per, Gobierno de Peru, 2021, https://cdn.www.gob.pe/uploads/document/file/1694214/Base.Fortalecimiento.Modernizaci%C3%B3n-PNP.pdf.pdf (accessed February 25, 2023). Under international human rights standards, superiors can be held accountable for abuses if they knew or if they should have known about crimes committed by those under their authority, or if they failed to take all necessary and reasonable measures to prevent them from happening, or to have the facts investigated and prosecuted.[327]. Res. Human Rights Watch verified three videos that show Adequipa being carried on the west side of the Andahuaylas tarmac toward an ambulance. Some demonstrators hurl rocks at police during a protest near Congress in Lima on December 12, 2022. According to the latest census data (2017), 82 percent of Peruvians lived in urban areas and 18 percent of Peruvians in rural areas. [127] Human Rights Watch interviews with general Vctor Zanabria, chief of the Lima police region, Lima, February 6, 2023. [282] Luis Alberto Naldos Blanco, Director General de la Oficina General de Integridad Institucional, Informe de Evaluacin de las operaciones policiales realizadas con ocasin de las marchas convocadas entre el 10 y el 14 de noviembre de 2020 en la ciudad de Lima, en protesta por la vacancia presidencial y juramentacin del nuevo presidente de la repblica, Ministry of the Interior, January 29, 2021, on file at Human Rights Watch; Peru Serious Police Abuses Against Protesters, Human Rights Watch news release, December 17, 2020, https://www.hrw.org/news/2020/12/17/peru-serious-police-abuses-against-protesters. Security teams at Lima, Peru's airport work 24-7 to stop illegal activity. [25] Dina Boluarte dej de lado el llamado a nuevas elecciones y espera gobernar hasta 2026, Infobae, December 7, 2022, https://www.infobae.com/america/peru/2022/12/07/dina-boluarte-dejo-de-lado-el-llamado-a-nuevas-elecciones-y-espera-gobernar-hasta-2026/ (accessed March 8, 2023). For instance, videos and testimonies show police officers using firearms against protesters in La Joya, in Arequipa province, on January 22, 2023, but prosecutors did not conduct gunshot residue tests on them. [225] Basic Principles on the Use of Force and Firearms by Law Enforcement Officials, adopted by the Eighth United Nations Congress on the Prevention of Crime and the Treatment of Offenders, Havana, 27 August to 7 September 1990, U.N. Doc. See: PER - INEI, Per: Resultados Definitivos de los Censos Nacionales, October 2018, p. 51, https://www.inei.gob.pe/media/MenuRecursivo/publicaciones_digitales/Est/Lib1544/00TOMO_01.pdf (accessed April 5, 2023). He asked not to be identified for fear of reprisals. [354] EEAS Press Team, Peru: Statement by the Spokesperson on the ongoing protests in the country, EEAS, January 21, 2023, https://www.eeas.europa.eu/eeas/peru-statement-spokesperson-ongoing-protests-country_en?s=162 (accessed March 3, 2023). Estimacin del total de vctimas causadas por el conflicto armado interno entre 1980 y el 2000, p. 19, https://www.cverdad.org.pe/ifinal/pdf/Tomo%20-%20ANEXOS/ANEXO%202.pdf. The biggest threat: cocaine smuggling. 123, entered into force July 18, 1978, reprinted in Basic Documents Pertaining to Human Rights in the Inter-American System, OEA/Ser.L.V/II.82 doc.6 rev.1 at 25 (1992), ratified by Peru on July 12,1978. This season features four episodes each at two of Latin America's biggest airports: Lima, Peru's Jorge Chavez and Brazil's Sao Paulo-Guarulhos. Security Officer. The chief of a provincial prosecutors office told Human Rights Watch that the order effectively suspends forensic analysis in the provinces because they do not have the budget to pay for it.[311]. [45] La Autoidentificacin tnica. [138] Autopsy reports of Reynaldo Illaquita and Emer Zolano, on file at Human Rights Watch. Reading Time: 9 minutes Drive through just about any traffic circle in Lima, Peru, and you will likely see a female police officer directing traffic. Cocaine hidden inside a wooden sculpture of Jesus Christ. You are now subscribed to NatGeo newsletter. Both represent victims. Meanwhile, the governments rhetoric often appeared to excuse or minimize the abuses. These concerns were made more acute in January 2023, when the new Constitutional Tribunal ruled against a challenge by 33 members of Congress to the problematic law the congressmembers themselves had passed to weaken the SUNEDU. (No.14) at 47, U.N. Doc. Informe de Evaluacin de las operaciones policiales realizadas con ocasin de las marchas convocadas entre el 10 y el 14 de noviembre de 2020 en la ciudad de Lima, en protesta por la vacancia presidencial y juramentacin del nuevo presidente de la repblica, Ministry of the Interior, January 29, 2021, on file at Human Rights Watch; Peru Serious Police Abuses Against Protesters, Human Rights Watch news release, December 17, 2020, Martha Valencia, Aprueban informe Cavero y archivan denuncia contra Merino por muerte de Inti y Bryan,, Bases para el fortalecimiento y la modernizacin de la polica nacional del Per,.

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